Mon. May 25th, 2026
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On 15th October 2014, Governor Chibuike Amaechi of Rivers State stole the show at the formal declaration of former Head of State, Muhammadu Buhari, to run for the presidency post in 2015. Amaechi surprised many onlookers, not because he was at the occasion, but because he swaggered that his government spent N1.406billion to curb the outbreak of Ebola Virus Disease (EVD) in the state.

He did not see N1.406billion as too much money to restrain the EVD that barely was noticed in Rivers State; he said that President Goodluck Jonathan government should stop making mouth that it also fought to stop the disease in Rivers State.

In the words of the governor: “I hear PDP and Mr. President claiming the glory of having fought Ebola. I asked one simple question: Rivers state government spent 1,406 billion to fight Ebola, the Federal Government brought N200m just last week. If we were waiting for that N200m, Ebola would have spread round Rivers State.”

To me, this is an amount bloated too high that one might wonder if the governor was saying that he used N1.406billion to fight against EVD in the whole of West Africa. Amaechi did not see that amount as seeming too bloated for fighting EVD, an outbreak that did not even last up to a month in Rivers State.

It wouldn’t be wise to say that such money has shown that sleaze is the benchmark of our leaders. However, Amaechi did not give us the statistics of how he spent the money. How many hospitals, health villages, health centres did he build to fight the EVD? Even the USA that had flown about 6 patients in private jets to best hospitals, the logistics for flying those patients and their medication might not be up to $4, 000, 000. Amaechi cannot take all Nigerians for fools in this matter, thinking that he was drawing public sympathy at mentioning such an outrageous amount while fighting Jonathan.

For one, I have supported many sentiments of Amaechi against Jonathan, but I beg to disagree on this amount, because it is really annoying that our politicians have taken Nigerians for a ride too long. We are talking about nearly N2B that Amaechi said that he used to fight the EVD in Rivers, and I see that he was taking his politics too far, that he might think that we were fools and that would swallow his boast line, hook and sinker.

 This amount is suspicious, revealing what perhaps had happened even at the federal level: some persons might have found the EVD as a good chance to launder money that they are now watering down our throats to accept the figures by fire, by force. Do politicians like Amaechi care about the common man in the street?

 It behoves on Nigerians to know that the difference between the Peoples Democratic Party                                       (PDP) and the All Progressives Congresss, (APC) is just in name. Party affiliations do not matter again till Amaechi tells Nigerians how he spent N1.406B to fight the EVD that barely came to Rivers State. Till then, his statement that Nigerians should, “Line up behind APC, go back home and get your voters card, we will punish this people with voters’ card” remains a balderdash.

 We would see other of his comments thus that PDP was banking on using security against the APC, but the members shall teach PDP the Osun lesson as a mere hypocrisy.

 According to him: “We will fight with our body and our lives, because there must be change this time; there is no aspirant in APC that is not better than the aspirant in PDP; APC stands for anti-corruption and the money being diverted to private pockets now can be used to provide light; Mr. President said to us on Live TV that he is the most abused leader in 2012 and that by 2013, there will be so much power in Nigeria, that citizens will be dancing for him on the streets, are you dancing now? Do you have Power?”

Notwithstanding, it has become a common knowledge that Amaechi, like other leaders in the country, would run to the press to outline how he spent such a despicable sum on the EVD and hardly would any person or group to probe further to sieve the truth from lies. This time, Amaechi cannot fool us in Rivers State with the pretence that he was fighting Jonathan.

 Let him not make us see the APC as a house of revulsion. Not even the Lagos State, where the world noticed the EVD to be significant has come out with such shocking sum that Amaechi came out with that he used for fighting the EVD; then, if Governor Babatunde Fashola should behave as Amaechi has done, his own amount would be above N5B. Let Amadioha have mercy on us!

 Odimegwu Onwumere is the Coordinator, Concerned Non-Indigenes In Rivers State (CONIRIV). Mobile: +2348032552855. Email: apoet_25@yahoo.com

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From Tramadol to Canadian to Exol-5 The New Drug Destroying Nigerian Youths An Investigative Article .From Tramadol to Canadian to Exol-5: The New Drug Destroying Nigerian Youths An Investigative Report on the Shifting Landscape of Substance Abuse in Nigeria Nigeria faces a severe and evolving drug crisis, particularly among its youth. What began with the widespread abuse of Tramadol has progressed through mixtures like “Canadian” to newer pharmaceutical diversions such as Exol-5. This shift reflects deeper issues: easy access to prescription drugs, weak regulation, socioeconomic pressures, and aggressive street-level marketing. NDLEA operations and health studies reveal a public health emergency that threatens an entire generation. Phase 1: The Tramadol Epidemic (2010s–Early 2020s) Tramadol, a synthetic opioid prescribed for moderate to severe pain, became Nigeria’s most notorious street drug. Cheap, potent, and widely smuggled (often from India and other Asian countries), it offered users energy, euphoria, and pain relief — appealing to commercial drivers, laborers, students, and young men seeking confidence or stamina. Scale of the Problem: Millions of tablets seized annually by NDLEA. High prevalence among young males aged 15–35. Linked to increased crime, sexual violence, organ damage (kidney failure, seizures), and mental health breakdowns. Contributed to broader opioid misuse alongside codeine cough syrups. Government responses included tighter import controls and public awareness campaigns, but these only displaced demand to other substances rather than eliminating it. Phase 2: The Rise of “Canadian” (Mid-2020s) “Canadian” or “Canadian Loud” emerged as a popular code for high-grade cannabis (often indica-dominant strains) or cannabis mixed with other synthetics. It gained traction as users sought alternatives or combinations to Tramadol’s effects. This phase marked a move toward imported or locally cultivated premium weed, sometimes laced with stronger chemicals. Youths in urban centers like Lagos, Kano, Jos, and Onitsha embraced it for its perceived “cleaner” high compared to opioids. However, it fueled polydrug use — combining cannabis with opioids, sedatives, or alcohol — amplifying health risks. Phase 3: Exol-5 – The Current Threat (2024–2026) Exol-5 (Benzhexol Hydrochloride / Trihexyphenidyl 5mg), originally a prescription medication for Parkinson’s disease and drug-induced movement disorders, has become the latest pharmaceutical being heavily abused. Why Exol-5? Euphoric Effects: Users report intense euphoria, hallucinations, and a sense of detachment — making it attractive as a cheap “upper” or escape. Accessibility: Sold over-the-counter or on the black market despite being a controlled prescription drug. NDLEA has seized millions of pills in single operations (e.g., 3.1 million pills in Kano in late 2024, and over 5.6 million combined with Tramadol in other busts). Street Names: Exol, Artane, Benzhexol, “Farin Mallam” (in Northern Nigeria). Demographics: Prevalent among youths, laborers, and even psychiatric patients who divert prescriptions. Studies show abuse rates as high as 25% among certain outpatient groups. Health Consequences: Anticholinergic toxicity: Confusion, dry mouth, blurred vision, urinary retention, constipation, and in high doses — delirium, psychosis, seizures, and heart issues. Long-term: Cognitive impairment, addiction, exacerbated mental health disorders. Often mixed with Tramadol, codeine, or cannabis, creating dangerous synergies. In cities like Jos, Exol-5 sits alongside diazepam, Rohypnol, and Tramadol on street markets, easily available to teenagers and young adults. Why This Evolution Continues Supply-Side Failures: Porous borders, corrupt officials, and overproduction of pharmaceuticals enable diversion. Demand Drivers: Unemployment, poverty, peer pressure, trauma, and the pursuit of performance enhancement (e.g., for “hustle” culture). Weak Regulation: Many pharmacies sell restricted drugs without prescriptions. Online and street vendors fill gaps. Displacement Effect: Cracking down on one substance (Tramadol/codeine) pushes users and dealers toward the next available option. NDLEA reports ongoing large seizures, but the problem persists due to high profitability and low risk for mid-level distributors. Broader Impacts on Nigerian Youths Education: Increased dropout rates and poor academic performance. Mental Health: Rising cases of psychosis and depression. Economy: Lost productivity among the working-age population. Crime and Violence: Drug-fueled robberies, cultism, and family breakdowns. Public Health System Strain: Overburdened hospitals treating overdoses and chronic complications. Young people aged 15–39 remain the hardest hit, with national surveys showing drug use prevalence significantly above global averages. What Must Be Done Stronger Enforcement: Consistent prosecution of corrupt enablers and large-scale traffickers. Regulation: Crackdown on rogue pharmacies and better tracking of prescription drugs. Prevention & Rehabilitation: School programs, community outreach, and expanded treatment centers (currently woefully inadequate). Economic Alternatives: Address root causes like youth unemployment. Public Awareness: Honest campaigns highlighting real dangers of “Exol-5” and similar drugs. Conclusion From Tramadol’s opioid grip to “Canadian” cannabis culture and now Exol-5’s anticholinergic highs, Nigeria’s drug crisis is mutating faster than responses can contain it. Exol-5 represents the dangerous new frontier — a legitimate medicine turned youth destroyer due to misuse and greed. Without urgent, multi-layered intervention — combining supply disruption, demand reduction, and socioeconomic support — an entire generation risks being lost to addiction. The time for half-measures is over. Nigeria’s future depends on winning this fight.