Tue. May 26th, 2026
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Despite claims by the government that “subsidy is gone,” Nigeria is expected to spend over N5.4 trillion on fuel subsidies in 2024 – N1.8 trillion more than in 2023 and more than twice as much as under former President Muhammadu Buhari in 2022.

This was revealed in the draft copy of the Accelerated Stabilisation and Advancement Plan (ASAP) presented to the presidency by Wale Edun, the Minister of Finance and Coordinating Minister of the Economy, on Tuesday.

“At current rates, expenditure on fuel subsidy is projected to reach N5.4 trillion by the end of 2023. This compares unfavourably with the N3.6 trillion in 2023 and N2.0 trillion in 2022,” the ASAP draft read in part.

READ ALSO: ANALYSIS: Government Spending Is the Problem, Not Fuel Subsidies

Edun had earlier hinted at the presentation in an interview on Sunday while responding to a question about the exit of multinationals. According to the minister, the advancement plan would consider and address the challenges facing Tinubu’s economic reform attempts.

At his swearing-in ceremony in May 2023, President Tinubu announced his administration’s plan for subsidy removal by declaring that “subsidy is gone”. He doubled down by stating that his administration had made no provisions for subsidies in the 2023 budget or for the 2024 fiscal year.

However, claims that subsidies were not removed sprung up a few weeks into Tinubu’s administration. In October, Festus Osifo, the Petroleum and Natural Gas Senior Staff Association of Nigeria (PENGASSAN), disclosed in an interview that the Nigerian government still paid fuel subsidies despite Tinubu’s announcement in May.

During the presentation of the Nigeria Development Update about two months after, Alex Sienart, World Bank’s lead economist for Nigeria, also mentioned that the cost of fuel in Nigeria was not cost-reflective and that the federal government still paid subsidies.

READ ALSO:Subsidy Removal, Arrests… What Tinubu Did in First Month as President

Reacting to Sienart’s statement in the same month, Mohammed Idris, the Minister of Information and National Orientation, maintained that the “era of subsidy is gone”.

“Subsidy is gone, and the President told Nigerians from his first day in office that there won’t [sic] be subsidy. It is because subsidy has gone that we have so much money available for government to do so many things. Of course, it’s never enough, but fuel subsidy is gone and it’s gone for good,” said Sienart.

READ ALSO: SCORECARD: $15b Bogus Foreign Investments in Tinubu’s 1st Year as President

Recently, on May 29, Heineken Lokpobiri, Minister of State for Petroleum, doubled down on the stance of the federal government while presenting a scorecard of his ministry in Abuja.

If the finance minister’s projection is right, Nigeria will spend an average of N450 billion per month on subsidies.
The post REVEALED: Tinubu Covertly Spending More on Fuel Subsidies Than Buhari appeared first on Foundation For Investigative Journalism.

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From Tramadol to Canadian to Exol-5 The New Drug Destroying Nigerian Youths An Investigative Article .From Tramadol to Canadian to Exol-5: The New Drug Destroying Nigerian Youths An Investigative Report on the Shifting Landscape of Substance Abuse in Nigeria Nigeria faces a severe and evolving drug crisis, particularly among its youth. What began with the widespread abuse of Tramadol has progressed through mixtures like “Canadian” to newer pharmaceutical diversions such as Exol-5. This shift reflects deeper issues: easy access to prescription drugs, weak regulation, socioeconomic pressures, and aggressive street-level marketing. NDLEA operations and health studies reveal a public health emergency that threatens an entire generation. Phase 1: The Tramadol Epidemic (2010s–Early 2020s) Tramadol, a synthetic opioid prescribed for moderate to severe pain, became Nigeria’s most notorious street drug. Cheap, potent, and widely smuggled (often from India and other Asian countries), it offered users energy, euphoria, and pain relief — appealing to commercial drivers, laborers, students, and young men seeking confidence or stamina. Scale of the Problem: Millions of tablets seized annually by NDLEA. High prevalence among young males aged 15–35. Linked to increased crime, sexual violence, organ damage (kidney failure, seizures), and mental health breakdowns. Contributed to broader opioid misuse alongside codeine cough syrups. Government responses included tighter import controls and public awareness campaigns, but these only displaced demand to other substances rather than eliminating it. Phase 2: The Rise of “Canadian” (Mid-2020s) “Canadian” or “Canadian Loud” emerged as a popular code for high-grade cannabis (often indica-dominant strains) or cannabis mixed with other synthetics. It gained traction as users sought alternatives or combinations to Tramadol’s effects. This phase marked a move toward imported or locally cultivated premium weed, sometimes laced with stronger chemicals. Youths in urban centers like Lagos, Kano, Jos, and Onitsha embraced it for its perceived “cleaner” high compared to opioids. However, it fueled polydrug use — combining cannabis with opioids, sedatives, or alcohol — amplifying health risks. Phase 3: Exol-5 – The Current Threat (2024–2026) Exol-5 (Benzhexol Hydrochloride / Trihexyphenidyl 5mg), originally a prescription medication for Parkinson’s disease and drug-induced movement disorders, has become the latest pharmaceutical being heavily abused. Why Exol-5? Euphoric Effects: Users report intense euphoria, hallucinations, and a sense of detachment — making it attractive as a cheap “upper” or escape. Accessibility: Sold over-the-counter or on the black market despite being a controlled prescription drug. NDLEA has seized millions of pills in single operations (e.g., 3.1 million pills in Kano in late 2024, and over 5.6 million combined with Tramadol in other busts). Street Names: Exol, Artane, Benzhexol, “Farin Mallam” (in Northern Nigeria). Demographics: Prevalent among youths, laborers, and even psychiatric patients who divert prescriptions. Studies show abuse rates as high as 25% among certain outpatient groups. Health Consequences: Anticholinergic toxicity: Confusion, dry mouth, blurred vision, urinary retention, constipation, and in high doses — delirium, psychosis, seizures, and heart issues. Long-term: Cognitive impairment, addiction, exacerbated mental health disorders. Often mixed with Tramadol, codeine, or cannabis, creating dangerous synergies. In cities like Jos, Exol-5 sits alongside diazepam, Rohypnol, and Tramadol on street markets, easily available to teenagers and young adults. Why This Evolution Continues Supply-Side Failures: Porous borders, corrupt officials, and overproduction of pharmaceuticals enable diversion. Demand Drivers: Unemployment, poverty, peer pressure, trauma, and the pursuit of performance enhancement (e.g., for “hustle” culture). Weak Regulation: Many pharmacies sell restricted drugs without prescriptions. Online and street vendors fill gaps. Displacement Effect: Cracking down on one substance (Tramadol/codeine) pushes users and dealers toward the next available option. NDLEA reports ongoing large seizures, but the problem persists due to high profitability and low risk for mid-level distributors. Broader Impacts on Nigerian Youths Education: Increased dropout rates and poor academic performance. Mental Health: Rising cases of psychosis and depression. Economy: Lost productivity among the working-age population. Crime and Violence: Drug-fueled robberies, cultism, and family breakdowns. Public Health System Strain: Overburdened hospitals treating overdoses and chronic complications. Young people aged 15–39 remain the hardest hit, with national surveys showing drug use prevalence significantly above global averages. What Must Be Done Stronger Enforcement: Consistent prosecution of corrupt enablers and large-scale traffickers. Regulation: Crackdown on rogue pharmacies and better tracking of prescription drugs. Prevention & Rehabilitation: School programs, community outreach, and expanded treatment centers (currently woefully inadequate). Economic Alternatives: Address root causes like youth unemployment. Public Awareness: Honest campaigns highlighting real dangers of “Exol-5” and similar drugs. Conclusion From Tramadol’s opioid grip to “Canadian” cannabis culture and now Exol-5’s anticholinergic highs, Nigeria’s drug crisis is mutating faster than responses can contain it. Exol-5 represents the dangerous new frontier — a legitimate medicine turned youth destroyer due to misuse and greed. Without urgent, multi-layered intervention — combining supply disruption, demand reduction, and socioeconomic support — an entire generation risks being lost to addiction. The time for half-measures is over. Nigeria’s future depends on winning this fight.